AGROECOYSTEM ENGINEERING THE USE OF REFUGIA PLANTS IN MANAGING PEST POPULATIONS OF ONION PLANTS (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Main Article Content
M Farhan Abdul Aziz
Tri Yaninta Ginting
Desi Sri Pasca Sari Sembiring
Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the horticultural commodities that has an important role in the Indonesian economy. One of the main threats to this plant is the attack ofthe pest Spodoptera exiguawhich can cause significant damage, especially at heavy infestation rates resulting in leaves drying out and falling prematurely. In an effort to control the population of this pest, one planting pattern system that can be usedThe intercropping system uses refugia plants such as marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta L.) and zinnia (Zinnia elegans), which act as shelters for natural enemies of pests, including predators and parasitoids. This study aims to evaluate the ability of refugia plants in controlling pest attacks on intercropped onion plants. The results showed thatat the observation of Week 1 no intensity of attacks occurred. In weeks 2, 3, 4, and 5 there were attacks with the highest attack intensity was 1.25% in P0 treatment and the lowest attack intensity in P2 treatment.Meanwhile,P1 and P2 treatment showed lower pest population densities compared to P0.P0 treatment shows the highest pest population density compared to other treatments. In addition, arthropod diversity analysis resultedan index of 2.07%,indicating the level of species diversity that is in the refugia intercropping system.Because the percentage of attacks of such treatment ranges from>0-≤10%.
Allifah AN, Bagyo Y, Zulfaidah PG, Amin SL.
Refugia as a microhabitat to increase the role of natural enemies in agricultural land. Pattimura University FMIPA Proceedings. 2(1): 113115.
Asmaa, HM, FA Ahmed and OK
Ahmed. 2015. Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Zinnia Elegans Leaves Ethanolic Extract. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 2, 154 ISSN 2229-5518.
Central Bureau of Statistics. (2023). Statistics
crops. Jakarta: Central Statistics Agency.
Department of Food Crops and Horticulture
Lampung province. (2023, November 14). How to Cultivate Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). Accessed March 31, 2024, from https://www.dinastph.lampungprov.go.id/detail-post/cara-budidaya-bawang-merah-allium-ascalonicum-l
Fachrul, MF 2007. Sampling Method
Bioecology. Bumi Aksara Publishers. Jakarta.
Henuhili V., & T. Aminatun. 2013.
Conservation of Natural Enemies as Biological Control of Pests by Managing Rice Field Ecosystems. Journal of Scientific Research, 18: 29–40.
Heriza, S., Ade N. and Nanang A. 2016.
Arthropod Diversity in People's Oil Palm Plantations in Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indo 2 (1): 120-124.
Keppel, G, Van Niel, Wardell et al. 2012.
Refugia: Identify and Understand Save Havens For Biodiversity Under Climate Change. Global Ecology and Biogeography 21 (4) 393- 404.
Lestari, RP 2018. The Effects of Manipulation
habitat in Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) fields using the Border Crop Technique for Flowering Plants against Attacks by Onion Caterpillar Pests (Spodoptera oxygua Hubner) and Natural Enemy Populations. Thesis. University of Jember.
Marsadi, D., IW Supartha. and AAAAS
Sunari. 2017. Invasion and Attack Levels of Onion Caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua Hub) on Two Cultivars of Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Songan Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. Tropical Agroecotechnology E-Journal. 6(4): 360-369.
Masauna, ED, HLJ Tanasale, and H.
Hetharie. 2013. Study of Damage Due to Main Pest Attacks on Cowpea Plants (Vigna unguiculate). J BDP. 9(2): 95-98
Moekasan, Basuki RS & Prabaningrum, L.
Application of Control Thresholds for Plant Pest Organisms in Shallot Cultivation in an Effort to Reduce the Use of Pesticides. J. Hort. 22(1): 47-56. y= -7.0519x + 108.54R² = 0.9982020406080100120051015 Fresh weight of shallot bulbs (g/clump) Intensity of S. Axigua pest attacks (%)
Mulyani, A., D. Kuncoro. D. Nursyamsi, and
F. Agus. 2016 . Analysis of Rice Land Conversion: Use of High Resolution Spatial Data Shows Alarming Conversion Rates. Soil and Climate Journal, Volume 40.No.2, pp.43-55.
Novrianti. 2017. Plant Refugia
Beautiful decoration on the edge of rice fields, http://cybex.pertanian.go.id/technology. Accessed September 6, 2023.
Paparang, M. 2016. Population and
Percentage of attacks by Spodoptera exigua Hubner larvae on leek and shallot plants in Ampreng Village, Langowan Bara District. Volume 3.
Pratiwi, Y., Hery Haryanto, & Jayaputra.
(2022). Population and Intensity of Attacks by Onion Caterpillar Pests (Spodoptera exigua Huber) on Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Plampang District. Agrocomplex Student Scientific Journal, 1(1), 10-20.
Pujiastuti Y, HWS Weni, and Abu U.
(2015). "The Role of Refugia Plants on the Abundance of Herbivore Insects on Tidal Rice Plants". Proceedings of the National Seminar on Suboptimal Land (8-9 October 2015).
Sakinah, F. 2013. Weather Factor Analysis
To Predict Plant Pest Organism (OPT) Attacks on Shallot Plants. [Thesis] . Bogor Agricultural Institute.
Septiani, T., and Aminah, S. (2021).
Effectiveness of Refugia Against the Diversity of Insects and Natural Enemies in Rice Plantings in Enreking Village, Ganra District, Soppeng Regency. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Volume 9 No.1, 9(1), 34–40.
Sobir, R., Widiastuti, IBN, & Sukarman,
D.K. (2017). Benefits of Tagetes as Intercropping Plants and Biological Control Plants. Tropical Agrotech Journal, 6(1), 129-131.
Soedijo, S., and Pramudi, MI 2015.
Diversity of spider arthropods in rainfed rice fields in South Kalimantan. Proceedings of the National Seminar on the Indonesian Biodiversity Society. 1(6)
Sumini, Samsul B. 2020. Diversity
and abundance of natural enemies in rice plants based on distance to refugia plants. Tropical Agrotech Journal. 8(1): 177–184. ttps://doi.org/ 10.23960/jat. v8i1.3457.
Suwandi, GA Sopha and C. Hermanto.
Technical Instructions (Juknis) for Shallot Proliga 40 tonnes/Ha from TSS (=True Shallot Seed). Vegetable Crops Research Institute. Lembang
Wardana, R., Erdiansyah, I., Putri, SU
(2017). Pest persistence (utilization of refugia plants as a rice pest control system) in the Surenjaya 01 Farming Group, Ledokombo District. Proceedings of the 2017 National Research Results Seminar.
Wardani, N. (2016). Climate Change and
Effect on Insect Pests. Bandar Lampung: Lampung Agricultural Technology Research Institute.
Widia, F.A. (2019). Leaf Ethanol Extract
Paper Flower (Bougainvillea glabra) as an Antioxidant. Journal of Chemical Education, 9(1), 1-6.
