THE EFFECT OF WORKLOAD AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE GENERAL BUREAU OF BP BATAM
Published:
2026-05-24Downloads
Abstract
Employee performance in public sector organizations is influenced by organizational factors such as workload and organizational support. This study aims to analyze the effect of both variables on the performance of employees in the General Bureau of BP Batam, both partially and simultaneously. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 20 employees from three work units. Workload was measured using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), organizational support was assessed using the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS), and employee performance was evaluated based on the dimensions of task performance and contextual performance, all using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression (SPSS 24.0). Results indicated that workload (p = 0.875) and organizational support (p = 0.158) did not have a significant effect on employee performance, although the directions of the relationships were consistent with theoretical predictions — negative for workload and positive for organizational support. The non-significant findings are attributed to employees' adaptive capacity, perceptual homogeneity among respondents, and limitations in sample size. This study contributes to understanding the dynamics of employee performance at BP Batam and recommends future research with larger samples and the inclusion of mediating variables.
Keywords:
workload organizational support employee performance task performance BP Batam , free trade zoneReferences
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task Performance and Contextual Performance : The Meaning for Personnel Selection Research. Human Performance, 10(2), 37–41.
Borman, W., & Motowildo, S. (1993). Expanding the Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance. Jossey-Bass.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500
Hart, S. G. (2006). NASA-task load index (NASA-TLX); 20 years later. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 904–908. https://doi.org/10.1177/154193120605000909
Hart, S. G., & Staveland, L. E. (1988). Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research. In P. A. Hancock & N. Meshkati (Eds.), Human Mental Workload. Elsevier.
Larsen, F., Møller, M. Ø., & Raaphorst, N. (2025). Public management and street-level bureaucrats. Public Management Review, 27(8), 1857–1867. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2025.2493875
Marbun, H. S., & Jufrizen. (2022). Peran Mediasi Kepuasan Kerja Pada Pengaruh Dukungan Organisasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Dan Peternakan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah, 5(1), 262–278.
Meshkati, N. (1988). Toward Development of A Cohesive Model of Workload. In P. A. Hancock & N. Meshkati (Eds.), Human Mental Workload. Elsevier.
Murty, Y. C., Prasetyo, I., & Utari, W. (2023). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Dukungan Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Bojonegoro. Buletin Bisnis & Manajemen, 9(2), 176–187.
Nikulin, C., Lopez, G., Piñonez, E., Gonzalez, L., & Zapata, P. (2019). NASA-TLX for predictability and measurability of instructional design models: case study in design methods. Educational Technology Research and Development, 67(2), 467–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-019-09657-4
Pandey, S. K., & Wright, B. E. (2006). Connecting the Dots in Public Management: Political Environment, Organizational Goal Ambiguity, and the Public Manager’s Role Ambiguity. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 511–532. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muj006
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
Septyadi, R., & Auzar, S. R. (2022). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Gaya Kepemimpinan, Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Badan Usaha Pelabuhan Laut BP Batam. Zona Manajerial : Program Studi Manajemen (S1) Universitas Batam, 12(2), 120–131.
Spector, P. E., & Jex, S. M. (1998). Development of Four Self-Report Measures of Job Stressors and Strain: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Organizational Constraints Scale, Quantitative Workload Inventory, and Physical Symptoms Inventory. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(4), 356–367.
Stinglhamber, F., Caesens, G., Clark, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2016). Perceived organizational support. Handbook of Employee Commitment, 71(3), 333–345. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429325755-6
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Roni Agustiadi, Mira Yona, Hanafi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
