GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A CRITICAL REVIEW
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.23051123Published:
2026-09-29Downloads
Abstract
Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has emerged as a cornerstone strategic paradigm for organizations seeking to align human capital practices with environmental sustainability and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) objectives. This critical review synthesizes recent scholarship (2021–2026) to systematically evaluate the conceptual boundaries, empirical pathways, and organizational outcomes of GHRM. By evaluating 15 peer-reviewed empirical and theoretical studies, this paper elucidates how core GHRM dimensions—including green recruitment, training, performance management, reward systems, and organizational culture—foster sustainable performance across environmental, social, and economic metrics. The synthesis reveals that GHRM rarely operates in a direct linear trajectory; rather, its influence is mediated by green innovation capability, organizational citizenship behavior for the environment (OCBE), green knowledge sharing, and organizational agility. Furthermore, boundary conditions such as green transformational leadership, HRM system strength, and organizational context determine the efficacy of GHRM deployment. Based on the findings, a critical evaluation of research gaps is presented alongside a refined conceptual framework, providing strategic recommendations for HR practitioners and setting a robust roadmap for future management scholarship.
Keywords:
Green Human Resource Management Green Innovation Organizational Agility Sustainable Organizational PerformanceReferences
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Copyright (c) 2026 Kamarul Azmi, Dhenny Asmarazisa, Catur Fatchu Ukhriyawati
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